11 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... • Hyaline casts ... #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... CastsHyaline ... colored compounds (e.g ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
• Exercise • Fever ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... HSP • Post-infectious ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Inflammatory Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Monoarticular
 • Gout (Podagra, Tophi)
 • Pseudogout
 • Early
- Differential Diagnosis ... Genitourinary Infection ... polyangiitis (GPA)/microscopic ... Inflammatory #JointPain #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) - Diagnosis and Management
Aspergillus is ubiquitous in nature. Most invasive infections are caused
are caused by members ... immunosuppression (eg ... Non-pigmented (hyaline ... sometimes have this morphology ... considered in certain cases
Fever After International Travel

Infectious Disease:
• Endemic in either the destination or home region

Viral Syndromes:
Arboviral infections, a
falciparum: Most cases ... of malaria diagnosed ... ) testing of a saliva ... dipstick test, microscopic ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Arthritis Differential Diagnosis ... weeks) Can Be Caused ... • Rheumatic fever ... tuberculosis) • Fungi ... #MSK #rheumatology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Hypercoagulable (APLAS ... positive in 90% of IE cases ... night sweats, fever ... Septic Emboli Cause ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Enteroviruses (e.g ... dengue, LaCrosse, Saint ... • Headache • Fever ... meningeal signs (fever