84 results
Nontuberculous mycobacteria
Nontuberculous mycobacteria, also known as atypical mycobacteria, are all the other mycobacteria which can cause
Nontuberculous mycobacteria ... Nontuberculous mycobacteria ... all the other mycobacteria ... which can cause ... disease resembling TB
Causes of CSF Lymphocytic Pleocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Viral: Arbo, Adeno, Herpes, Entero, HIV
Fungal: Cryptococcus, Cocci, Histo,
Causes of CSF Lymphocytic ... Sporothrix Bacterial: Mycobacteria ... (TB), M.pneumonia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #neurology
Septic Arthritis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Notes:
- Septic Arthritis is typically monoarticular & the knee is involved
involved in >50% of cases ... - decr blood flow ... a +ve culture Microbiology ... S.A. can also be caused ... , viruses, and mycobacterium
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... disease Renal Causes ... Bacterial) • TB ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #blood
Lymphadenopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Localized: 
 • Cervical: EBV, CMV, HIV, Toxo, TB, Lymphoma, Head /
CMV, HIV, Toxo, TB ... Acute HIV, EBV, Mycobacterial ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Typically from TB ... patients with TB ... extrapulmonary cases ... active pulmonary TB ... Pathophysiology: - Mycobacterium
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... more than one cause ... e.g. cirrhosis + TB ... hazy, cloudy or bloody ... perforation), TB
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
Causes of Encephalopathy ... Hyperacute: - Primary Neurologic ... Acute: - Primary Neurologic ... Infectious (fungal, TB ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Smear.
Key features suggesting Plasmodium falciparum:
- extreme parasitemia
- normocytic RBCs (vivax, ovale prefer big
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood ... P. falciparum causes ... human malaria cases ... P.f. but rare in blood ... clinical #microscopy #microbiology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... and referral to Urology ... if cause not identified ... #blood #urine