22 results
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Compartment Syndrome, Medications ... Protein) • AIN: Medication ... Neurogenic Bladder (Medication ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• White cell casts ... disease • Granular casts ... disorders or excreted medications ... key #diagnosis #nephrology ... #casts
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Injury (AKI) 1 ... require urgent nephrology ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Acute Kidney Injury ... Congestion • Medications ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney ... #Injury #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... tubular necrosis (causes ... tract infection • Medications ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Causes of Acute ... Kidney Injury (AKI ... Injury (AKI) - ... Epithelial cell casts ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Kidney Disease ... hydronephrosis on U/S) • Reflux ... Sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
 • Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
 • Osmotic
Drug Induced Kidney ... Injury • Pre-Renal ... therapy • Osmotic injury ... diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #Medications
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... Traumatic brain injury ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #neurology
Galant Reflex on Physical Exam

The Galant reflex is present at birth and remains until the 2nd
Galant Reflex on ... The Galant reflex ... persistent in cases ... clinical #video #Neurology ... #Peds #Pediatrics