9 results
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... , Recreational drugs ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism, Stress, Drugs ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... deficiency • Drugs ... Hyperphosphatemia, Acute ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #nephrology #calcium
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Injury (TBI) - Acute ... withdrawal • Drug ... withdrawal • Medication ... Polypharmacy - Drug ... #Elderly #Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Neurological symptoms: Acute ... Electrolyte abnormality, Medication ... /Drug toxicity, ... , ADEM, Acute toxic ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... • Hyponatremia ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Uncontrolled • Drug ... taken at home, work ... licorice • Medications ... excess (Cushing syndrome ... Secondary #HTN #Cardiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
exertion/training - Seizures ... - Toxins - Drugs ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... per day until stable ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults
METABOLIC DISTURBANCES
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Uremia
INFECTIOUS PROCESSES
Central nervous system abscess
Encephalitis
Meningitis
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES
Alcohol
Antiepileptic drugs
Baclofen
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
CENTRAL
hyperglycemia Hyponatremia ... Meningitis WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES ... Antiepileptic drugs ... SYSTEM LESIONS Acute ... #Epilepticus #Seizures