15 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... and 2, but not type ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... Renal Losses ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Action, Effects, Clinical ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Diuretics #Medications ... Pharmacology #summary #table ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Failure • SLE • Type ... Medications 2. ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... Loses - Medications ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Recent IV potassium ... Failure • SLE • Type ... Medications 2. ... #high #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... Hyaline casts - Any type ... disorders or excreted medications ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... Aldosterone, RTA Type ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications ... #nephrology #K
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... of lactate as a clinical ... a multitude of clinical ... - HIV/HAART medications ... #typeb #classification
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Monitor potassium ... per day until stable ... causes #treatment #nephrology