32 results
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Acidosis (RTA) Type ... of secretion Type ... proximal features and high ... #classification ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Shock Classification ... Types - Pathophysiology ... in blood flow caused ... and normal or high ... #diagnosis #classification
Major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD): Diagnosis and workup 

1) Clinical diagnosis Cognitive impairment + loss of autonomy
2)
workup What type ... Alzheimer - 1st cause ... Dementia - 2nd cause ... Differential #Subtypes #Classification ... #Workup #Diagnosis
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Workup ... • Serum K high ... - Diarrhea - High ... #Workup #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Cell Problem - High ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hypocitraturia • RTA Type ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
- Diagnostic of ... - Up to 3 per high-power ... normal; >3 per high-power ... - Any type of renal ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... of High-anion Gap ... Proximal RTA (type ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Classification: ... HRS-AKI (formerly Type ... HRS-Non-AKI (formerly Type ... Prognosis: • High ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... • TTE +/- TEE (high ... #CVA #stroke #workup ... #diagnosis #checklist ... #neurology