36 results
diagnosis differential hypokalemia hyponatremia potassium adrenal alkalosis cardiology insufficiency metabolic pharmacology acute aki antiarrhythmics chloride classes classification evaluation hypercalcemia hypernatremia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... all the time (urinary ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation 1) Clinical clues - Is the patient symptomatic? - Family history? - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical clues ... → Primary hyperapara ... → Primary hyperpara ... FeCa <1 %) - Low ... differential #diagnosis #endocrinology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
PRA • ↓ Serum sodium ... • Weakness • Low-grade ... ACTH • ↓ Serum sodium ... tests: - Check sodium ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Elevated PTH (High or normal): • Primary Hyperparathyroidism • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... or normal): • Primary ... Hypercalcemia Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #endocrinology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... (UOsm < 100): Primary ... polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased Urinary ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm High Prolactin + Normal TSH • Microprolactinoma • Steroid Hormone Intake
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Prolactin + Normal/ Low ... + High TSH • Primary ... #Endocrinology ... #Causes
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vasopressin-independent - Consider: Primary ... polydipsia, Low ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
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