16 results
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
hyperglycemic crises ... symptoms of HHS/DKA ... , hypotension) DKA ... , N/V, diffuse abdominal ... Pathophys #EM #IM #Endo
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... renal biopsy • Abdominal ... #nephrology #causes
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
ketoacidosis (AKA ... ) - caused by complete ... gap acidosis (pH ... Glucosuria causes ... #differential #diagnosis
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... Arterial pH <7.3 ... cases occur in ... , vomiting, abdominal ... the anion gap closes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
) - Diagnosis and ... Symptoms: • Abdominal ... pain • Nausea ... > 18 mEq/L 2) pH ... #Ketoacidosis #Diagnosis
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Symptoms:
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Polyuria
• Polydipsia
• Vomiting
• Weight loss
•
) - Diagnosis and ... Symptoms: • Abdominal ... pain • Nausea ... > 18 mEq/L 2) pH ... #Ketoacidosis #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Kidney Injury (AKI ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Artery Stenosis, Abdominal ... #nephrology #causes ... #algorithm
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... Algorithm Hypertension ... Hypertension with end-organ ... Nephritic syndrome • AKI ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypocalcemia #Diagnosis #EM #IM #Endo #Hypocalcemia #Differential #Algorithm #PTH #Drugs #Ddxof
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Endo #Hypocalcemia ... #Differential #Algorithm
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypernatremia & end ... - Headache - Abdominal ... Hyperventilation, Dizziness, Nausea ... #causes #stroke