565 results
Calculating Plasma Osmolality and Osmolal Gap

Calculated Osmolality = 2 x Na  + Glucose/18 + BUN/2.8
Calculating Plasma ... Osmolality and ... Calculated Osmolality ... Causes of Elevated ... #Calculation #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... /L High Urine Osmolality ... glucosuria Low Urine Osmolality ... #Causes
Urine Osmolar Gap Calculation

Urine Osmolar Gap represents ammonium salts = Measured Urine Osmolality - (2 x
Urine Osmolar Gap Calculation ... Measured Urine Osmolality ... Diagnosis #Nephrology #Calculation
Pathophysiology Based Approach to Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm

Not the "classic" Volume based approach. 

#Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Algorithm ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... Nephrology #UOsm #Osmolality
Fatality / Mortality Calculations in an Outbreak
There are a number of different types of rates, risks,
Fatality / Mortality Calculations ... outbreak: - Case ... # of deaths in cases ... MortalityRate #Calculations ... #Outbreak #Calculating
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diuresis Urine Osmolality ... > Serum Osmolality ... #Causes
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
electrolyte abnormality caused ... among the possible causes ... lower than 80% in cases ... in blood urea causes ... pituitary into the circulation
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Check plasma osmolality ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... DECREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... INCREASED PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... 24 hours Urine osmolality ... /18 HIGH urine osmolality ... Azotemia LOW urine osmolality ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... retention 1) Serum Osmolarity ... 2) Urine Osmolarity ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm