31 results
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... villous adenomas • Renal ... Chloruretic drugs (eg ... • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... #nephrology #low
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... thromboembolism, renal ... tumors INTRINSINC RENAL ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute Managment ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... involvement: eyes, TFT, ECG ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diuretics after renal ... generally indicates a renal ... other • Severe potassium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
by Mechanism Renal ... IV Mg infusion (e.g ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Magnesium #Table #Causes ... #Management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Monitor potassium ... #Summary #causes