9 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
history of cancer, HIV ... • Meningeal signs ... • Hypertensive encephalopathy ... brain lesion • CNS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
ophthalmoplegia), systemic signs ... (Ramsay-Hunt), HIV ... presentation • Lyme Serology ... inflammatory cause) • EMG ... Management #Treatment #Neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
CNS Manifestations ... Meningitis, Myelopathy, Encephalopathy ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG ... #neurology #rheumatology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
facial numbness), Encephalopathy ... AQP4-lgG disease; e.g ... pain • Extra-CNS ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... and infects the CNS ... mononuclear cells in the CNS ... Encephalopathy ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... aminotransferases • Serology ... electromyographic (EMG ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Enteroviruses (e.g ... Acute meningeal signs ... culture or by serology ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... motor neurons - IV ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... that results in CNS ... • Bilateral signs ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology