22 results
Types of Urinary Incontinence
 - Stress Incontinence - The urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient
Types of Urinary ... pressure raise the bladder ... #Urinary #Incontinence ... #Types #Classification ... #Causes #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... tubular necrosis (causes ... • Neurogenic bladder ... • Urinary tract ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... OBSTRUCTIVE • Urinary ... bladder tumors ... NephroP #AKI #causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... starts by measuring urinary ... tubular acidosis (type ... #nephrology #potassium
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... • Cystitis • Bladder ... Renal/Ureter/Bladder ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #urology #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... tubular acidosis (Types ... and 2, but not type ... Potassium #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
/Cr - Renal/bladder ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... - Acquired - Primary ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
anywhere in the urinary ... inflammation in urinary ... - Any type of renal ... • Bacteria - Urinary ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... of Water: • Primary ... "overactive bladder ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology