634 results
Electrolyte imbalances are common findings in many diseases. The kidney is a principally responsible organ for
findings in many diseases ... aldosterone, and parathyroid ... range of signs and symptoms ... with signs and symptoms ... #electrolyte #algorithm
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Skeletal metastatic disease ... disorders, Paget's disease ... Granulomatous diseases ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypercalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid hormone–related peptide.)

#Hypercalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia Evaluation Algorithm ... (PTH = parathyroid ... hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid ... Hypercalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... adenoma • Parathyroid ... hyperplasia • Parathyroid ... Hyperthyroidism • Paget's disease ... Chronic kidney disease
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... hyperparathyroidism) Parathyroid ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid ... Granulomatous disease ... Other endocrine diseases
Hypocalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone.)

#Hypocalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypocalcemia Evaluation Algorithm ... (PTH = parathyroid ... Hypocalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Most common symptoms ... - Bone symptoms ... granulamatous disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypoparathyroidism • Parathyroid ... Hypomagnesemia #Signs #Symptoms
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
activating mutation - Parathyroid ... Chronic kidney disease
Hypocalcemia is an electrolyte imbalance and is indicated by a low level of calcium in the
the actions of parathyroid ... mnemonic #overview #symptoms