163 results
Pathologic Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphologies and Associated Diseases

Acanthocyte (spur cell),  
Basophilic stippling, 
Bite cell,
Cell (RBC) Morphologies ... and Associated Diseases ... cell, Other RBC ... Howell-Jolly bodies #RBC ... #Hematology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... glomerular hematuria (RBC ... casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Decreased RBC ... Anemia of Chronic Disease ... Thalassemia • RBC ... Disorder • RBC ... #Algorithm #Causes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... and Nephrotic Syndromes ... RBC casts in urine ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... Proteinuria #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria: 3 or more RBC ... hematuria: - RBC ... castsDiagnostic ... - Dysmorphic RBC ... of glomerular disease
Beautiful acanthocytes/spur cells in a patient with McLeod Syndrome. X-linked disorder characterized by reduced expression of
patient with McLeod Syndrome ... expression of Kell RBC ... granulomatous disease ... SpurCells #McLeod #Syndrome ... #Smear #Pathology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
- Differential Diagnosis ... 2) External (RBC ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... , Drugs, Liver Disease ... 3) Internal (RBC
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... == Decreased RBC ... Glucose Content • RBC ... Reduction == Increase RBC ... Dilutional Effect • RBC
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Red Blood Cell (RBC ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... PD deficiency, Pulmonary ... coagulopathy (DIC) #RBC ... Morphology #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... /RBC casts ... Minimal change disease