12 results
Hormonal Regulation of the Blood Calcium concentration

#Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid #Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology #Pathophysiology #Hormones
Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid ... Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH ... #Endocrinology ... #Pathophysiology ... #Hormones
Effects of Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Calcitonin on Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism

#Parathyroid #hormone #PTH #Calcitonin #phosphate
Effects of Parathyroid ... hormone (PTH) and ... #hormone #PTH # ... phosphate #metabolism #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
The principal endocrine 'axes' and glands. Parathyroid glands, adrenal zona glomerulosa and endocrine pancreas are not
Parathyroid glands ... , adrenal zona glomerulosa ... gonadotrophin-releasing hormone ... Endocrine #Axes #Endocrinology ... #Pathophysiology
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Effect in Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium - Net Effect Hypercalcemia:
   ↑ intestinal
Parathyroid Hormone ... (PTH) Effect in ... #Hormone #PTH # ... Calcium #Phosphorus #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Serum levels of PTH ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... hormone resistance ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology ... #Differential
Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • Autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency
 • Adrenoleukodystrophy,
- Differential ... ACTH-deficiency • Combined pituitary ... hormone deficiency ... Insufficiency #Differential ... Workup #Algorithm #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... hormone–dependent ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge - Differential ... Microprolactinoma • Steroid Hormone ... Normal/ Low TSH • Pituitary ... Inhibition • Pituitary ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... PTH-mediated ... • Parathyroid cancer ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
hormone secretion ... hormone with parathyroid ... gland removal Renal ... Hypocalcemia #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology