23 results
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Associated Lactic Acidosis ... (MALA) Pathophysiology ... use in cellular metabolism ... also includes symptoms ... of metabolic acidosis
Complications of CKD
 - Patients with stages 1-3 ([GFR] >30 mL/min) of CKD are generally asymptomatic;
Complications of ... imbalances or endocrine/metabolic ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD ... #Complications
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Syndrome - Metabolic ... Acidosis • Shift ... Constipation - MSK ... Syndrome #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... free fatty acid metabolism ... Intermediate fatty acid metabolism ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... Monitor and Treat Complications
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
lateral hip Signs/Symptoms ... /Complications: ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
etiology Signs/Symptoms ... /Complications: ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #pathophysiology ... #msk #orthopedics
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
life threatening complications ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Hippurate - Metabolic ... acidosis: Proximal ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
spine Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... increase may cause metabolic ... acidosis - Cl ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride