44 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... with short bowel syndrome ... Aspirin - salicylate toxicity ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Low intake • Metabolic ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... potassium #low #nephrology
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Associated Lactic Acidosis ... (MALA) Pathophysiology ... also includes symptoms ... of metabolic acidosis ... LacticAcidosis #Toxicity
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Stroke Mimics - Differential ... MINT Mnemonic • Metabolic ... Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis ... CNS abscess • Neurologic ... • Toxins: Drug toxicity
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
Salicylate Toxicity ... show anion-gap metabolic ... acidosis 4) Presentation ... ingestion/exposure Symptoms ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Metabolic acidosis ... Step 5 - Differential ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... acidosis due to ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential ... laxatives, Vitamin D toxicity ... Rhabdomyolysis, Tumor lysis syndrome ... Shift: • Lactic acidosis ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... diagnosis and treatment ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
• Incr Glucose Metabolism ... - Metabolic ... Acidosis • Shift ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs