165 results
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
(renal potassium ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Sjögren syndrome, Renal ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • G-CSF • Hypokalemic ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Classification of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) and Treatment of Metabolic Abnormalities of TLS
Laboratory TLS:
 • Uric
and Treatment of Metabolic ... Intravenous fluids • Renal ... hydroxide • Hyperkalemia ... treatment • Hypocalcemia ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
dysrhythmias Hypokalemia ... • Renal potassium ... Abnormalities of calcium metabolism ... • Hypocalcemia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... potassium #low #nephrology
Evaluation and Management of Hyperkalemia

As with hypokalemia, the immediate danger of hyperkalemia is its effect on
Evaluation and Management ... of Hyperkalemia ... As with hypokalemia ... , because hyperkalemia ... with underlying renal
Calcium Metabolism and management 

Satyendra Dhar MD, @DharSaty

#calcium #metabolism #hypocalcemia #hypercalcemia #albumin
Calcium Metabolism ... and management ... DharSaty #calcium #metabolism ... #hypocalcemia #
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Urine Electrolyte Interpretation - AKI, Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia and Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis

#Urine #Electrolytes #Interpretation #ULytes #AKI #FENa
Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia ... and Non-Gap Metabolic ... #FENa #FEUrea #Nephrology
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Hyperkalemic Type 4 RTA
 • Hypokalemic Type 1 RTA
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Type 4 RTA • Hypokalemic ... RTA • RTA of renal ... Type 2 RTA #RTA #Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology