83 results
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... use in cellular metabolism ... via anaerobic metabolism ... also includes symptoms ... of metabolic acidosis
Complications of CKD
 - Patients with stages 1-3 ([GFR] >30 mL/min) of CKD are generally asymptomatic;
imbalances or endocrine/metabolic ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... free fatty acid metabolism ... Intermediate fatty acid metabolism ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... #pathophysiology
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
Diagnosis and Management ... show anion-gap metabolic ... ingestion/exposure Symptoms ... Labs: Anion-Gap Metabolic ... #Treatment
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
• Incr Glucose Metabolism ... Syndrome - Metabolic ... Syndrome #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
TiTrATE schema to approach to Dizziness
 • Time Course: Continuous or Episodic
 • Triggers: Present or
yet imprecise symptom ... (psychiatric, metabolic ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Medications for High-Altitude Sickness 
Acetazolarnide 
 • Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitor Bicarb diuresis & metabolic Acidosis ->
Bicarb diuresis & metabolic ... #Medications #Management ... #Treatment
Atrial Fibrillation Overview

Symptoms:
Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

1. Why?
Cardiac:
• Valvular heart disease
•
Fibrillation Overview Symptoms ... Drugs/toxins • Metabolic ... Fibrillation #Cardiology #Management
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... increase may cause metabolic ... decrease may cause metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis