27 results
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... use in cellular metabolism ... via anaerobic metabolism ... also includes symptoms ... of metabolic acidosis
Colchicine Toxicity 
Naturally-occurring plant alkaloid [Autumn Crocus and Glory Lilly]
2-24 hrs 
 • Severe GI distress
Colchicine Toxicity ... Renal failure • Metabolic ... #Colchicine #Toxicity ... #Toxicology #Symptoms ... #Signs #Diagnosis
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
Salicylate Toxicity ... show anion-gap metabolic ... ingestion/exposure Symptoms ... Labs: Anion-Gap Metabolic ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
• Incr Glucose Metabolism ... Syndrome - Metabolic ... Syndrome #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
by a toxic or metabolic ... Toxic and metabolic ... Pseudoseizures #GrandMal #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Neurology ... #Signs #Symptoms
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... thickness) - metabolic ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Hypothyroid Myopathy
Very common (up to 80% ) in patients with hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology:
 • T4 deficiency leads to
hypothyroidism Pathophysiology ... mitochondrial oxidative metabolism ... Hypothyroid #Myopathy #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Risk Factors and Signs ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... Wilson's disease • Metabolic ... , Malnutrition Signs ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Obstructive uropathy, Metabolic ... Treatment is aimed ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology
Clozapine Toxicology
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic most often reserved for use in patients who have treatment-resistant
patients who have treatment-resistant ... effect on negative symptoms ... following first-pass metabolism ... - Metabolism - ... #Toxicology #Toxicity