144 results
Pathophysiology - Pathogenesis of Chronic Kidney Disease

#Pathophysiology #Nephrology #Chronic #Kidney #Disease #CKD
Pathophysiology ... Kidney Disease ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chronic ... #Kidney #Disease
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Chronic alcoholism ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... can improve symptoms ... Korsakoff syndrome (chronic ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology
Causes of Proximal Muscle Weakness That May Mimic Inflammatory Myopathy
 • Central or peripheral neurologic disease
or peripheral neurologic ... disease • Myasthenia ... - Alcohol • Metabolic ... Myophosphorylase deficiency ... - Carnitine deficiency
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
Signs of Copper Deficiency ... , Chronic diarrhoea ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... • Metabolic: Menkes ... #riskfactors #symptoms
Korsakoff Syndrome
Clinical Findings:
 • Confabulation: Usually initial phase of the disease
 • Anterograde amnesia: Memory impairment
initial phase of the disease ... Chronic presentation ... of Thiamine deficiency ... Encephalopathy Treatment ... Korsakoff #Syndrome #neurology
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
• GH Deficiency ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... Disease • GI ... Chronic UTI) • ... CHF) • Inborn Metabolism
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
Leukemia) • GI diseases ... - IBD • Chronic ... liver or kidney disease ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Diet: ↓ Intake, e.g. vegan, Malnutrition, Polyphenol / tannins, ↓ Vitamin
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Inflammation: IBD, Chronic ... disease (↑ hepcidin ... Hemolysis, Iron metabolism ... drkeithsiau #Iron #Deficiency
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
RBCs on Smear • Chronic ... • B12/Folate Deficiency ... • Anemia of Chronic ... Disease • Marrow ... Disorder • RBC Metabolism
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Pregnancy, EPO treatment ... Elite athletes • Chronic ... Edema, Celiac disease ... • Inflammatory Disease