59 results
Cyanide Toxicity 
Treatment:
1) Hydroxocobalamin + Cyanide = Cyanocobalamin (nontoxic) 
   or 
2) Amyl nitrite
Cyanide Toxicity Treatment ... Amyl nitrite - causes ... Cyanide #Toxicity #Toxicology ... #Pathophysiology ... #Management #Treatment
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... during hypoxic metabolism ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Colchicine Toxicity 
Naturally-occurring plant alkaloid [Autumn Crocus and Glory Lilly]
2-24 hrs 
 • Severe GI distress
Renal failure • Metabolic ... acidosis • ARDS ... Colchicine #Toxicity #Toxicology ... #Symptoms #Signs
Lipoprotein Metabolism

Enterocytes release absorbed lipids the form of triglyceride-rich chylomicrons. These are acted upon by endothelial
Lipoprotein Metabolism ... producing fatty acids ... The liver uses this ... #Cholesterol #Metabolism ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Congenital Anomaly / Disorder:
 •
Causes of Sudden ... Arrhythmia • Neurologic ... Pulmonary Anomaly • Metabolic ... Death Syndrome (SIDS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS ... of symptoms or signs ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... #differential #signs
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Gitelman SIGNS ... metabolic acidosis ... metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... show anion-gap metabolic ... Labs: Anion-Gap Metabolic ... Aspirin #Toxicity #Toxicology ... diagnosis #management #Treatment
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... without other cause ... : 33% • Treatment ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... : No • Treatment
Clozapine Toxicology
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic most often reserved for use in patients who have treatment-resistant
Clozapine Toxicology ... patients who have treatment-resistant ... - Metabolism - ... Clozapine is known to cause ... #Clozapine #Toxicology