36 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... -> Anterior spinal ... hyperextension -> Upper extremity ... Primarily Upper Extremity ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Differential Diagnosis ... Inspection - lower extremity ... unilateral lower extremity ... or absent lower extremity ... #differential #diagnosis
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Narrowing of spinal ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework for Lower Extremity ... Unilateral Lower Extremity ... #differential #diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam #
Characteristic clinical manifestations of Down syndrome 
 
Typical craniofacial appearance 
 • Round face and flat
manifestations of Down syndrome ... • Brushfield spots ... neck • Single ... #Downs #Syndrome ... #PhysicalExam #
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... deficiency etc) • Spinal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... Symptoms: • Upper extremity ... , lower extremity ... spinalcord #disorders #diagnosis
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... contralateral extremity ... findings Unilateral Spinal ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
paralysis of all extremity ... • Weakness: Starts ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... of intrathecal spinal ... #diagnosis #management
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... #UpperLimb #Extremity ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam