18 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urinary sediment, renal ... clinical context and signs ... HIV serology, renal ... eosinophiluria, renal ... markers • Cardio-renal
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... ) - Prerenal, Renal ... Postrenal PRE-RENAL ... Vascular occlusion RENAL ... Infection POST-RENAL
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... eg, presence of renal ... : Renal artery stenosis ... Coarctation of aorta, Vasculitis ... Renal parenchymal
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
hematuria • Signs ... GN or vasculitis ... thrombosis • Renal ... TURP/Biopsy Renal ... #nephrology #renal
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... repeat testing • Acute ... Nephrology for renal ... Nephrology if cause ... #urology #blood
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
 • Neurologic: Headaches, Dizziness, Encephalopathy, Guillain-Barré, Ageusia, Myalgia, Anosmia, Stroke
 • Renal:
Anosmia, Stroke • Renal ... : Acute kidney injury ... , Erythematous rash ... Extrapulmonary #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
pulmonary and renal ... tract, and often causes ... mucositis - Rash ... purpura: strong sign ... • Urinalysis (Renal
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Photosensitivity, Butterfly rash ... , Vasculitis, Purpura ... Abdominal pain (20%) Renal ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal ... pulmonary and renal ... mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... Goodpasture's cause ... reveals increasing blood
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
endothelial lining of blood ... Intussusception - Renal ... nephritic syndrome, renal ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis ... #Signs #Symptoms