15 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... , fever, myalgia ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
) General: Fever ... effusion, Restrictive lung ... Demyelinating syndromes ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
in HIV - Differential ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... • CT: Halo sign ... of a "flu-like syndrome ... Constitutional symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
69% - Malar rash ... 40% - Fever 36% ... Myositis 4% - Lung ... autoantibodies #signs ... #symptoms #mimickers
Rhombencephalitis
BACTERIAL
- Listeria (biphasic illness with bulbar dysfunction occurring later)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pneumococcus
- Brucella
- Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
-
Herpes Viruses (HSV ... (bulbar symptoms ... - small cell lung ... Rhombencephalitis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... Behcet disease - SLE ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #algorithm
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... conditions: Autoimmune (SLE ... in up to 30% of cases ... #Endocarditis #comparison
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
weight loss, and fever ... permanent alopecia Differential ... Induced Lupus: • Symptoms ... to: Arthritis, Fever ... and leukemia • Lung
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation Symptoms ... run-down or tired • Fevers ... Nasal polyps and signs ... , CCP, ANCA • HIV ... Bronchiectasis #pulmonary #differential
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
• Headache • Fever ... Maculopapular rash ... Acute meningeal signs ... (fever, nuchal ... #diagnosis #neurology