32 results
Risk Factors and Signs of Copper Deficiency
Risk Factors:
 • Gastrointestinal: Previous upper bowel resection/bariatric surgery, Inflammatory
, Chronic diarrhoea ... , Short bowel syndrome ... dental fixatives, Treatment ... Copper #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #symptoms #nutrition
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
- IBD • Chronic ... liver or kidney disease ... decr activity, nutrition ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Chronic alcoholism ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... can improve symptoms ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... (chronic B1 deficiency
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
(SVC/IVC occlusion ... , dural sinus thrombosis ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... Recurrent and chronic ... #signs #symptoms
Polycythemia Vera (PV) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Diagnostic Criteria:
 • Elevated hemoglobin and/or hematocrit AND
 •
Management Summary Diagnostic ... , signs, and complications ... (same as ET), Thrombosis ... prevention of thrombosis ... von Willebrand disease
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
Malnutrition due to chronic ... disease/malabsorptive ... overload) Other Symptoms ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Chronic Abdominal Pain Causes - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Many patients with chronic abdominal pain have had prior
- Differential Diagnosis ... did not yield a diagnosis ... changes • Urinary symptoms ... • Budd-Chiari syndrome ... vein thrombosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... • Diagnosis of ... • Liddle syndrome ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Short Bowel Syndrome - Acute and Chronic Adverse Signs and Symptoms of Ileal Resection
 • Dehydration
Short Bowel Syndrome ... - Acute and Chronic ... Adverse Signs and ... #Signs #Symptoms ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... *Chronic HFrEF may ... un lymphatic Diagnostic ... coronary artery disease