27 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
to severity of symptoms ... Association, which is classes ... flare ups that cause ... HeartFailure #Staging #Classification ... #Stages #Classes
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pleural Thickening/Masses ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... #Causes
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Causes of Dizziness ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Peripheral Vestibular Dysfunction ... , auditory symptoms ... #Causes
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
Causes of Back Pain ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... bowel or bladder dysfunction ... constitutional symptoms ... #Causes
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer's (99% of cases ... Alzheimer's (1% of cases ... chromosome 21) Signs / Symptoms ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
Association functional class ... based solely on symptoms ... who never show symptoms ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... #Stages #Classes
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... improvement in symptoms ... endpoint of all-cause ... iron #deficiency #CHF
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
STAGES of CHF (A ... flare ups that cause ... class III and class ... IV symptoms. ... Stages #ACCAHA #Algorithm
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... bladder/bowel dysfunction ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
: • 1400 new cases ... • 75-90% of cases ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... Abnormal in 50% of cases ... • Infectious causes