38 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
present in 15% of cases ... status, and focal neurologic ... Demyelinating disease caused ... confusion, and focal neurologic ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... splenomegaly Other infections ... multiple lesions Infectious ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Bell's Palsy
Bell’s Palsy is a damage, acute weakness, or paralysis of the Facial nerve (7th CN),
an identifiable cause ... The cause is unknown ... associated with viral infections ... #Bells #Palsy #neurology ... #anatomy #pathophysiology
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treat underlying cause ... • All food has water ... administered • This can cause ... NS • Give 250 cc ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... Triggering factor (infection ... →Activation of CD8 ... Still disease, Infection ... Drugs, Unknown cause
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
procedures - Infection ... decreased PLT count: CBC ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... patients if the cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
CMV infection: virus ... patient with HIV and CD4 ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... • Endocrine: Infectious
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
: • 1400 new cases ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... Hyperreflexia develops later ... causes need to ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Worsening of previous neurologic ... the tuberculoma (later ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... and not direct infection ... differential #TB #neurology
Unintentional Weight Loss in Primary Care
 • Definition: More than 5% reduction in body weight within
Baseline evaluation: CBC ... UA Most Common Causes ... disease (8%) - Infectious ... (4% to 8%) - Neurologic