328 results
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm
Acute vs Chronic
Calculate Losses
 • Current water Deficit
 • Ongoing Free water Losses
 •
Losses • Current water ... • Ongoing Free water ... Ongoing Urinary Water ... Management #Algorithm #treatment ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Diagnosis and Treatment ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... isotonic saline Treatment ... : Treatment of ... #management #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Excess free water ... Decreased intake of water ... • No access to water ... GI loss • Watery ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Pathophysiology of The Nephron - Electrolyte and Water Exchange

The nephron — electrolyte and water exchange. 
180
Electrolyte and Water ... electrolyte and water ... exchange. 180 L of water ... approximately I L of water ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... Free water restriction ... • All food has water ... #hyponatremia #nephrology ... #treatment
Physical exam findings of various ocular palsies; image courtesy of the BMJ

R 3rd nerve palsy
R 4th
findings of various ocular ... nerve palsy #Ocular ... CNIII #CNIV #CNVI #Neurology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Diagnosis Inadequate water ... Lack of access to water ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Pendular Nystagmus on Ocular Exam

Pendular nystagmus seen in this patient with multiple sclerosis

#Pendular #Nystagmus #Ocular #PhysicalExam
Pendular Nystagmus on Ocular ... Pendular #Nystagmus #Ocular ... multiple #sclerosis #neurology
Horizontal Nystagmus on Ocular Examination

Dr Prasad Jain @DrPrasadJain

#Horizontal #Nystagmus #Ocular #PhysicalExam #clinical #video #neurology #ophthalmology
Horizontal Nystagmus on Ocular ... Horizontal #Nystagmus #Ocular ... clinical #video #neurology
Nephron Physiology
 - Proximal Convoluted Tubule
 - Thick Ascending Limb
 - Distal Convoluted Tubule
 - Ion
Collecting Tubule - Water ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology