1033 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
arterioles -> Cotton-wool ... complications #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
layer -> Cotton-wool ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology
Gastric Acid Secretion - Pathophysiology
Chief cell - Pepsinogen
Parietal cell - Acid, Intrinsic factor
G cell - Gastrin
Inhibitors:
Acid Secretion - Pathophysiology ... sight or smell of food ... Distension by food ... Intestinal - Passage of food ... Acid #Secretion #Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... demand: infections, food ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology
Vitamin D Metabolism
Fat-soluble vitamin
Sources: dermal synthesis and food (dairy products, fish)
Active form: calcitriol (1,25-OH Vitamin D)
Main
synthesis and food ... endocrinology #pathophysiology
Bipolar Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Disruption of emotional homeostasis
 • Oscillation between mood states
Oscillation between mood ... expansive/irritable mood ... taking Euthymic Mood ... - depressed mood ... MoodDisorders #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
Tangentiality, derailment, word ... production, and mood ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology
Diabetes Pathophysiology and Medication Targets

The ominous octet is one concept that summarizes the different pathophysiologic pathways
Diabetes Pathophysiology ... the different pathophysiologic ... #Diabetes #Pathophysiology
Pediatric Mood & Anxiety Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Bipolar
Mood
• Major Depressive Disorder
• Persistent Depressive Disorder
• Disruptive
Pediatric Mood & ... Algorithm Bipolar Mood ... • Disruptive Mood ... Disorder* #Mood
Depressed Moods - Mood Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Major Depressive Disorder
 • 2 week period, depressed
Depressed Moods - Mood ... period, depressed mood ... • Depressed mood ... with Depressed Mood ... • Depressed mood