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diagnosis hypokalemia nephrology potassium adrenal anemia calculi calculus classification endocrinology evaluation hematology hemolysis hemolytic high hypomagnesemia insufficiency laboratory magnesium pathophysiology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia Drugs - Amiloride - Spironolactone - Triamterene - Trimethoprim - Pentamidine -
inhibitors Other causes ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential # ... causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Increased Loss - Increased GI Loss - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Increased Urinary ... #low #pathophysiology
Diagnosis of Hypokalemia - Differential Algorithm Categorized by Causes: Redistribution, Extrarenal Losses, Renal Losses (High and
Diagnosis of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... by Causes: Redistribution ... Losses (High and Low ... Algorithm
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes Increased red cell production: • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia • Erythroid
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm ... and Causes Increased ... Urobilinogen • + urinary ... #Differential # ... Causes #Workup #
Types of Renal Calculi Calcium oxalate - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
apatite plaque, Low ... hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... hypercalciuria, Hypercalcemia ... Renal #stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
Primary Adrenal ... aldosterone - Low ... in cases in which ... autoimmune-mediated primary ... endocrinology #workup
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Hypercalcemic states, Primary ... or secondary aldosteronism ... #differential # ... nephrology #magnesium #low
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... thiazide-like diuretics), Primary ... hyperaldosteronism, Secondary ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Primary adrenal ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... #Differential # ... Classification #Causes
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