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Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... , and Features of ... syndrome - Acute ... and chronic kidney ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
 -
Radiographic Features ... - Nodular - Acute ... Glass Opacity - Chronic ... Diseases #Radiology #Patterns ... XRay #ChestCT #Differential
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... protein receptor type ... and obstructive pattern ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... Diabetes mellitus - Acute ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #differential ... #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... or chronic renal
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal failure (acute ... and chronic) Causes ... Proximal RTA (type ... Chronic progressive ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the ... Evaluation of Chronic ... Causes of acute ... 1000 g/24 h) #Chronic ... workup #diagnosis #differential
Low Back Pain (Lumbago) - Common Differential Diagnosis and Patterns

Mechanical Low Back Pain:
Aching pain in the
Lumbago) - Common Differential ... Diagnosis and Patterns ... Usually acute (< ... Chronic Back Stiffness ... #Features #Comparison
Emergent Causes of Headache and Associated Risk Factors
Carbon monoxide poisoning
 - Breathing in enclosed or confined
Emergent Causes ... febrile illness—any type ... ) - Previous chronic ... customary headache patterns ... signs #symptoms #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... uropathy, post-acute ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes