Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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differential nephrology management low workup potassium sodium table classification endocrinology hypomagnesemia kidney acute aki criticalcare hyperkalemia magnesium clinical hypernatremia hypocalcemia
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... GI losses • Renal ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Nonreabsorbable anions • Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... renal potassium ... excretion • Acute renal ... Potassium-rich diet • Blood ... #Diagnosis #algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... the cause of hypokalemia ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... • Renal tubular ... #algorithm #causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... solute intake, Renal ... #algorithm #causes
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... - fevers • renal ... nephrotic syndrome • renal ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Renal Failure ... Hypovolemic - GI losses, renal ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... is caused by excess ... with impaired renal ... and underlying renal ... dysfunction is common #Diagnosis
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 Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... losses: • High Blood ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Clinical ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... , hyperkalemia,
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