Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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differential nephrology causes management low hyperkalemia workup kidney sodium high treatment aki evaluation hypernatremia hypomagnesemia urine acute blood classification hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... renal potassium ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm using Urine Potassium to Creatinine Ratio #Hypokalemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Potassium #Creatinine #Ratio
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... using Urine Potassium ... #Algorithm #Potassium ... Creatinine #Ratio #nephrology
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Algorithm UOsm ... EABV) - Consider: Hypovolemia ... solute intake, Renal ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... GI losses • Renal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Defining ... • Renal tubular ... #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... oral intake Renal ... Nonreabsorbable anions • Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... - fevers • renal ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Poor Intake - Starvation - Anorexia GI Losses - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Poor ... Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Potassium
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL) Neuromuscular manifestations • Tremor, tetany, seizures • Weakness
dysrhythmias Hypokalemia ... • Renal potassium ... metabolism • Hypocalcemia ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
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