Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis nephrology endocrinology hypokalemia potassium workup adrenal alkalosis chloride hypercalcemia insufficiency metabolic acth aldosterone calcium classification clinical comparison coronavirus covid19
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... consumption • Low ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... #differential #
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone) - Diabetic Nephropathy - NSAIDs Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Hypoaldosteronism (Low ... Chronic heparin - Primary ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... secreting tumor, Primary ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Hypercalcemia Evaluation 1) Clinical clues - Is the patient symptomatic? - Family history? - Have you done
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... 1) Clinical clues ... FeCa <1 %) - Low ... Hypercalcemia #workup #differential ... calcium #elevated #evaluation
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Elevated PTH (High or normal): • Primary Hyperparathyroidism • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Elevated PTH (High or normal ... Hypercalcemia Low ... #causes #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Insufficiency Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... or normal baseline
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... /low blood pressure ... #causes #urinary
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Chronic diarrhea / IBD ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH Early am cortisol < 3
Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Evaluation of ... unclear (often the case ... this indicates normal ... AI - Low = secondary
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