Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Pulmonary Renal Syndrome: Investigations and Management

#Pulmonary #Renal #Syndrome #Diagnosis #Workup #Management
Pulmonary Renal ... Syndrome: Investigations ... and Management ... #Pulmonary #Renal ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Defining ... hypokalemia • Renal ... #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm ADH ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
- Differential Diagnosis ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes ... #algorithm
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal Causes of ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Differential Diagnosis ... for Pulmonary Renal ... #Renal #Syndrome ... #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic ... Algorithm - GI ... - 1° HPT - 1° Renal ... , TIO, Fanconi Syndrome ... #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
- Differential Diagnosis ... ), Hungry bone syndrome ... • Renal losses ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #phosphate