Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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nephrology differential aki hyponatremia comparison treatment injury kidney microscopy sodium urine workup hematology hematuria kidneyinjury lupus nephritic sle stages syphilis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome == Nephrotic Syndrome == Onset - Insidious Edema - ++++ Blood
Syndrome and Nephritic ... Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis - Prerenal - ATN - AIN -
Acute Kidney Injury ... Syndrome - Nephritic ... AKI #Urinalysis #diagnosis ... #table #comparison ... #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... suggestive of nephrotic ... sydnrome • Pigment ... interpretation #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework PRERENAL: - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated - Systemic vasodilation - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... white blood cell casts ... renal tubular cell casts ... or pigmented casts ... : Avoiding nephrotoxic
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... #Algorithm #Causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... are caused by prerenal ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary CLINICAL • Nephritic syndrome (Casts) • Marked proteinuria (may be
CLINICAL • Nephritic ... syndrome (Casts ... proteinuria (may be nephrotic ... GlomeruloNephritis #nephrology ... #diagnosis #management
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