Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Kidney Syndromes - A Guide to Compartmentalize the Etiologies of Kidney Disease
1) Tubule and interstitium
2) Vasculature
3)
Kidney Syndromes ... Etiologies of Kidney ... #Syndromes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Failure #Injury
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 β€’ Dehydration
 β€’ Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 β€’ Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... Dehydration β€’ Heart failure ... ) β€’ Liver failure ... tubular necrosis (causes ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential ... Diuretics if heart failure ... treating underlying cause ... #Injury #AKI #Differential
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 β€’ Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Acute Kidney Injury ... AKI - Differential ... HEMODYNAMIC β€’ Cardiac failure ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 β€’ Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... #Injury #Differential ... #causes #algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... osmolarity If cause ... β€’ Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Injury #AKI #Workup ... #causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 β€’ Focal: Simple, Complex
 β€’ Generalized: Absence,
- Differential ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... Uremia, Liver failure ... #neurology
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 β€’ Low PATM Can decrease first part
- Differential ... respiratory drive due to neurologic ... injury or sedatives ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... #hypoxia #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 β€’ Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... the excretion of sodium ... #differential #
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Totally scuppers the kidney's ... What is it Failure ... Distal #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #Causes ... #Differential #