Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 β€’ Urine Chloride
 β€’ Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
from Bartter syndrome ... β€’ Urine Chloride ... β€’ Urine Ca/Cr ... Bartter #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... β€’ Cell shift: Hypokalemic ... #hypokalemia ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op β€’ Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal causes ... β€’ Diarrhea A urine ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Defining the cause ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
β€’ poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
β€’ Medication 
β€’ Hypomagnesemia 
β€’
Diagnosis Algorithm ... β€’ Gitelman's syndrome ... β€’ Bartter's syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 β€’ Tissue injury
 β€’ Hemolysis
 β€’ Rhabdomyolysis
 β€’
Causes of HyperKalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... β€’ Tumor lysis syndrome ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... #Causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 β€’ Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Guillain-BarrΓ© syndrome ... Hyperreflexia: β€’ Hypocalcemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 β€’ Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 β€’ Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Urine Electrolyte Interpretation - AKI, Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia and Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis

#Urine #Electrolytes #Interpretation #ULytes #AKI #FENa
Urine Electrolyte ... Hyponatremia, Hypokalemia ... Metabolic Acidosis #Urine ... #FENa #FEUrea #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis