Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis differential nephrology hypokalemia hyponatremia workup alkalosis low kidney table acute aki cardiology chloride gitelman hyperkalemia injury management nephrotic urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Chloride depletion syndromes • Gastrointestinal losses -
Causes of Metabolic ... administration Other causes ... • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium ... <2 mmol/L) #Metabolic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... the excretion of sodium ... and potassium acid
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... BP = Bartter's Syndrome ... , Gitelman's Syndrome ... #Alkalosis #Causes
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Unprovoked - Epilepsy: • Focal: Simple, Complex • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... #Causes #neurology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... during hypoxic metabolism ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... Systemic (toxic/metabolic ... (Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... #diagnosis #neurology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
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