Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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48 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 β€’ Urine Chloride
 β€’ Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
from Bartter syndrome ... β€’ Urine Chloride ... β€’ Urine Ca/Cr ... Bartter #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... clinical context and signs ... β€’ Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 β€’ Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Guillain-Barre syndrome ... Lambert Eaton Syndrome ... , Myotonic dystrophy ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... retraction (Collier's sign ... β†’ "setting sun sign ... #diagnosis #pineal ... #neurology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op β€’ Neurologic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Urine Specific Gravity - Interpretation
Specific Gravity = Density of urine / Density of water
SG close to
Urine Specific Gravity ... Gravity = Density of urine ... Dehydration β€’ SIADH (syndrome ... Interpretation #diagnosis ... #differential #nephrology
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
Abnormally Colored Urine ... - Differential Diagnosis ... bag syndrome (chronically ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
much easier to diagnosis ... with direct urine ... Failure to acidify urine ... Type1 #Distal #Diagnosis ... #Management #Nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 β€’ Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... (blue diaper syndrome ... Bag Syndrome - ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology