Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis differential nephrotic workup disease hypokalemia hyponatremia potassium testing urine acute aki alkalosis atlas blood casts diabetes dm2 dmii glomerulonephritis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Poor Intake - Starvation - Anorexia GI Losses - Vomiting / NG
tubular acidosis (Types ... and 2, but not type ... Low #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Evidence of glomerular ... bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
red - cells Non-glomerular ... bleeding from anywhere ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... - Any type of renal ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification Prerenal: • Dehydration • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome) • Liver failure
Kidney Injury - Classification ... - TTP/HUS • Glomerular ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Kidney #Injury #Classification ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hypovolemia • Bleeding ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... with depletion: Refeeding ... syndrome • Renal losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular acidosis (type ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... presenting with overt glomerular ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #Algorithm #differential ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
evaluated for glomerular ... infections are common causes ... of glomerular disease ... cryoglobulinemias (types ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Von Willebrand Disease Classification Type 1 (Accounts for ~3/4 of cases): • Defect: Quantitative defect (i.e. not
Willebrand Disease Classification ... for ~3/4 of cases ... (uncommon) • Bleeding ... Accounts for <5% of cases ... VonWillebrand #Disease #Classification
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