Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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differential algorithm comparison aki hypokalemia hyponatremia management acute microscopy urine glomerular kidney physicalexam sodium classification clinical hypomagnesemia injury lupus nephritic
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome == Nephrotic Syndrome == Onset - Insidious Edema - ++++ Blood
Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis - Prerenal - ATN - AIN -
Syndrome - Nephritic ... Syndrome Dr. ... AKI #Urinalysis #diagnosis ... #table #comparison ... #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... : Hypovolemia, Low ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... suggestive of nephrotic ... sydnrome • Pigment ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
• White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... disorders or excreted medications ... #nephrology #casts
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ADH Independent: • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Beer Potomania - Low ... liver failure, nephrotic ... syndrome ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial: Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Gitelman syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
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