Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis algorithm hyponatremia hypokalemia low alkalosis management potassium table abg acid acidbase acidosis anion base bloodgas cardiology chloride disorders drugs
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... ketoacidosis Renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 2.
Differentials? ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Palpitations • ARRHYTHMiA • SINUS ARRYTHMIA • ATRIAL FIBRILLATION • ATRIAL
PARKINSON WHITE SYNDROME ... SEROTONINERGIC DRUGS • SODIUM ... • ANAEMIA • METABOLIC ... PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA • PULMONARY ... #Differential #
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Pulmonary Diseases ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) - Volume depletion
- Cirrhosis Syndrome ... hemorrhage) - Pulmonary ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes ... #Sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... the excretion of sodium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
overdose) - Sodium ... Fanconi syndrome ... #Medications #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #Causes #hypomg
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