Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Present (Uosm β‰₯100): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 β€’ Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 β€’ Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 β€’ Tissue injury
 β€’ Hemolysis
 β€’ Rhabdomyolysis
 β€’
- Differential Diagnosis ... β€’ Tumor lysis syndrome ... glycosides β€’ High acute ... Elimination: β€’ AKI ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 β€’ Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Pre-Renal: β€’ Hypovolemia ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... #nephrology #causes ... #algorithm
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 β€’ High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 β€’ High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Hypokalemia # ... Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 β€’ Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 β€’ High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Algorithm β€’ Low ... Hyperphosphatemia, Acute ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... #hypokalemia ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia with Severe Symptoms - Management Algorithm with Hypertonic Saline
The goal of acute management is to
with Hypertonic ... Saline The goal of acute ... probably not the low ... #treatment #Hypertonic ... #Saline #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 β€’ Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia: β€’ Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... consumption β€’ Low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low