Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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algorithm hyponatremia metabolic neurology sodium alkalosis discoloration disorders kidney management treatment urinary abg abnormal acid acidbase acute aki altered base
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Diagnosis Baseline ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis Turbid White Urine (Albinuria): • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Urine Color - Differential ... Diagnosis Turbid ... UTI caused by (Proteus ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemic - Give volume Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Pulmonary Diseases ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings Pneumothorax: - No lung sliding/barcode sign - Lung point (hard
sliding/barcode sign ... pleura in severe cases ... Respiratory Distress Syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #signs
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
One-and-a-half Syndrome ... Skew Deviation Casey ... ophthalmology #neurology ... #differential # ... diagnosis #ocular
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... Diagnosis ECF ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color Red Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... of Altered Urine ... Purple (Purple Urine ... Discoloration #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
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