The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Brief Overview
LH and FSH are required for follicular development and
- FSH from pituitary ... not implant #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle # ... pathophysiology ... #menstruation #endocrinology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Ovulation Explained

Around Day 14, estrogen exerts sudden +++ positive feedback
on the anterior pituitary ... for clarity) #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle # ... pathophysiology ... #Ovulation #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
Loop: Prolactin (PRL ... ) • PRL levels ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology ... #pituitary
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis
Estrogen, when released:
 • Negatively feeds back on the hypothalamus and
The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian ... hypothalamus and anterior pituitary ... #MenstrualCycle ... #pathophysiology ... HypothalamicPituitary #endocrinology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Follicular Phase Explained
Early Follicular Phase (Days 0-5)
 • Granulosa cells
production by pituitary ... back on anterior pituitary ... #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology ... FollicularPhase #endocrinology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pituitary Mass Effects ... Pituitary adenomas ... FSH, TSH, ACTH, PRL ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Luteal Phase Explained
 • The LH surge can be thought
hypothalamus and anterior pituitary ... Ovarian Cycle #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle # ... pathophysiology ... #LutealPhase #endocrinology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
production by the pituitary ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Correlating the Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
Note: Some charts show different relative levels of
on the anterior pituitary ... #UterineCycle #MenstrualCycle ... #OvarianCycle # ... pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
#FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology ... #pituitary