The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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pathophysiology diagnosis signs orthopedics 21hydroxylasedeficiency 21ohd achilles acute alzheimersdisease caudaequina causes dementia diabetes diabeticketoacidosis dka erythematosus femoralhead fractures gait genetics
Cauda Equina Syndrome Causes: • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central) • Severe lumbar spondylosis • Neoplasm
spine Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... bladder/bowel dysfunction ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #symptoms
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases): - Increasing
chromosome 21) Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... Executive planning dysfunction ... concentration • Motor dysfunction ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations • Immune Complex Deposition - Arthralgia, Arthritis
Erythematosus #SLE #MSK ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
lateral hip Signs/Symptoms ... /Complications: ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... • Hypothalamic dysfunction ... #SideEffects #endocrinology
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
etiology Signs/Symptoms ... /Complications: ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... pathophysiology #msk
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Upper Extremity Dysfunction ... deficiencies -> Sphincter dysfunction ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings Skeletal Pathology of the Hip • Arthritis • Congenital hip dysplasia
Compensatory muscular dysfunction ... pathophysiology #causes #symptoms ... signs #diagnosis #msk
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
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