The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Inflammatory Cascade ... destruction), promote inflammation ... #Cascade #Inflammation ... #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Mucocutaneous Manifestations ... cytokines -> localized inflammatory ... -> Incr local inflammation ... Mucocutaneous #Manifestations ... #pathophysiology
Anaphylaxis: Pathogenesis
Anaphylaxis is a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
While the primary mechanism of anaphylaxis is mast cell
production of inflammatory ... Recruitment of inflammatory ... #Anaphylaxis #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
joint disease Inflammatory ... Swollen Joints • Inflammation ... Extra-articular manifestations ... mild synovial inflammation ... JointPain #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
Extra-articular manifestations ... Skin: • Inflammation ... Eyes: • Globe inflammation ... on CXR • RA inflammation ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
cells or CTLs -> Inflammation ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy #Immunology ... #pathophysiology
Type I Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Production of lgE Antibodies that bind to harmless allergens
release the pro-inflammatory ... secretion • Inflammatory ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy #Immunology ... #pathophysiology
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
Bacterial toxins and inflammation ... in a systemic inflammatory ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
activating cellular inflammatory ... swelling - GI Manifestations ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
mastoid air cells (inflammation ... mucosa leads to inflammation ... mastoid air cells (inflammation ... : Extension of inflammatory ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology