The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Inflammatory Cascade ... destruction), promote inflammation ... cell activity #Inflammatory ... #Cascade #Inflammation ... pathophysiology #immunology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
Mucocutaneous Manifestations ... cytokines -> localized inflammatory ... -> Incr local inflammation ... Mucocutaneous #Manifestations ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #signs
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
Extra-articular manifestations ... Skin: • Inflammation ... Eyes: • Globe inflammation ... on CXR • RA inflammation ... pathophysiology #signs
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
Distinguishing between Inflammatory ... joint disease Inflammatory ... Swollen Joints • Inflammation ... Extra-articular manifestations ... mild synovial inflammation
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Pathogenesis and Joint diseases features
 • RA affects 1% of population, women >
Extra-articular manifestations ... • Rate of inflammatory ... etc • Systemic inflammation ... Extra-articular signs ... pathophysiology #signs
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
mastoid air cells (inflammation ... mucosa leads to inflammation ... mastoid air cells (inflammation ... : Extension of inflammatory ... pathophysiology #signs
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
activating cellular inflammatory ... swelling - GI Manifestations ... Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Signs
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
shoulder joint inflammation ... as post-inflammatory ... shoulder joint inflammation ... stop, but post-inflammatory ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Ankylosing Spondylitis: Extra-articular Manifestations
 • Ocular - Inflammation of the iris, the anterior part of the
Extra-articular Manifestations ... photophobia • GI - Inflammatory ... endoscopy (Not Inflammatory ... Extraarticular #Manifestations ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #signs
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
tumour, stone, BPH ... (neurogenic), inflammation ... Pathophysiology #Signs